No Nā ʻAno Ānuenue
Nui ʻino nō nā ʻano ānuenue e ʻkau ana i ka lewa ma luna o Hawaiʻi. He mau huaʻōlelo kikoʻī ko ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi no ia mau ʻano ānuenue. He iwakālua a ʻoi i loaʻa i nā Kānaka Maoli i ka wā ma mua. Pili ia mau huaʻōlelo kikoʻī i nā ʻano ānuenue like ʻole ʻo ka hiʻohiʻona. Ma loko o kēia māhele nei e wehewehe ʻia ai kēia mau ʻano.
No Nā ʻAno Ānuenue
ʻO ka manu kahi huaʻōlelo laulā, a ʻo ka ʻiʻiwi kahi huaʻōlelo kikoʻī no kekahi ʻano manu. E like me ia laʻana, he mau huaʻōlelo laulā ko ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā kahiko no ke kuhikuhi ʻana i nā waihoʻoluʻu i ʻōʻili i ka lewa. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:
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Ke Ānuenue: ʻO ia ka huaʻōlelo laulā maʻamau e hoʻohana ʻia ana no nā ʻano lihi a pau i kēia manawa.[1] Ke ʻōʻili kekahi mau waihoʻoluʻu i ka lewa i kēia au nei, hoʻopuka pinepine ʻia, “E nānā aʻe, aia kahi ānuenue he nani ma loko o ka lewa.” Ma ke kuanaʻike o kahi kumu, e hoʻohana wale ʻia nō kēia huaʻōlelo no ka piʻo piha o nā waihoʻoʻoluʻu ānuenue.[2] Eia naʻe, ʻo ka huaʻōlelo ānuenue i kēia au nei, hoʻohana pinepine loa ʻia e ka hapa nui loa o ka poʻe Hawaiʻi no nā ʻano ānuenue a pau.
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Ka Lihi: Wahi a Andrews,[3] ʻo ka lihi, ʻo ia nō ke ānuenue ponoʻī iho nō. Ma ka ʻikepili i ʻohi ʻia no kēia papahana nei, kākaʻikahi nō ka hoʻopuka ʻana i kēia huaʻōlelo i ka pōʻaiapili ānuenue.
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Ka Mākole: ʻO ia kahi inoa Hawaiʻi no ke ānuenue i lohe pinepine ʻia i ka wā kahiko,[4] akā, kākaʻikahi loa kona hoʻopuka ʻia ʻana i kēia mau lā. Ma loko o kahi ʻatikala nūpepa: “O ko’u manao hope aia no ia maluna o ka huaolelo Makole. Oia ka inoa Hawaii kahiko o ke anuenue a’u i lohe pinepine ai i ko’u mau la kamalii, a he kakaikahi loa kona hoopuka i keia mau la.”[5] ʻO ka mea maʻamau, i kēia mau lā, pili nō ka mākole me ka pō, ʻo ia hoʻi, he pō mākole. Eia kekahi, he māpumanaʻo ko ka huaʻōlelo mākole, ʻo ia kekahi mea ʻulaʻula. Ua pili pinepine ka mākole i nā ānuenue ʻula, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka pūnohu ʻula a me ka uakoko. I kekahi manawa he kūamuamu ka mākole.[6]
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Ke Ao Akua: He ʻōlelo hoʻohālike kēia māmalaʻōlelo no ke ānuenue. ʻO ia hoʻi, he ao i hoʻopā ʻia e ke akua.[7] ʻOiai, he ʻōlelo hoʻohālikelike, ʻaʻole ona pilina i kekahi ʻano ānuenue kikoʻī. Eia kekahi, manaʻo ʻia nō hoʻi, he huaʻōlelo laha kēia no nā hōʻailona iā haʻi.
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Ka Haka ʻula a Kāne: He ʻōlelo hoʻohālike nō hoʻi kēia māmalaʻōlelo no ke ānuenue. Wahi a Pukui/Elbert, he inoa paʻa kēia i kekahi mele, no laila, ʻaʻole ona pilina i kekahi ʻano ānuenue kikoʻī.[8] He ʻōlelo noʻeau nō hoʻi kēia māmalaʻōlelo e pili ana i kekahi ānuenue nona nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻula he nui.[9] E nānā ʻia i ka māhele 5.6 no kekahi wehewehe hou ʻana e pili ana i nā ʻōlelo hoʻohālike ānuenue.
Ua ʻohiʻohi ʻia nā huaʻōlelo ʻano ānuenue Hawaiʻi mai nā puke wehewehe ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi like ʻole.[10] ʻO kinohi ia o ka papa helu ʻano ānuenue ma loko o ka Pakuhi ma lalo iho. Hōʻike ʻia ia mau ʻano ānuenue a me ko lākou wehewehena ma loko o ia pakuhi. Ma o ka noiʻi ʻana no kēia papahana laeoʻo, ua ʻōkomo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano ānuenue hou a me ke kūmole i loaʻa ai lākou ma loko o ia papa helu. ʻEkolu māhele o ia papa helu. ʻO ka māhele mua (ʻo ia hoʻi nā lālani 1 – 5), ʻo ia nā huaʻōlelo laulā i wehewehe ʻia ma luna aʻe. ʻO ka māhele ʻelua (ʻo ia hoʻi nā lālani 6 – 34), ʻo ia nā ʻano ānuenue i loaʻa ma nā puke wehewehe a pau, a me kekahi mau kūmole like ʻole. ʻO ke kolu o ka māhele (ʻo ia hoʻi nā lālani 33 – 44), ʻo ia nā ʻōlelo hoʻohālike ānuenue paʻa i nā mele i loaʻa ma loko o kekahi mau kūmole, a me nā ʻōlelo noʻeau pili i ke ānuenue ma loko o kā Kawena Pukui puke ʻōlelo noʻeau.[11]
Nā hui o nā ʻano ānuenue
He pilina nō nā ʻano ao, nā ʻano ānuenue, nā ua, a me nā ʻano uhiwai. No laila, aia ka pono ʻo ka noiʻi maiau ʻana, no ka mea, i kekahi manawa, he ānuenue ka pūnohu, a i kekahi mau manawa ʻē aʻe, he uhiwai ka pūnohu. Eia kekahi, e like me ka pūnohu, he mau wehewehena ʻokoʻa ko kekahi mau ʻano ānuenue ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, he ao a i ʻole he uhiwai.
Nā Hui Ānuenue
Ua kālailai maiau ʻia nā wehewehena o nā ʻano ānuenue a pau e hōʻike ʻia ana ma loko o ka Pakuhi ma luna aʻe. Ma muli o ia kālailai ʻana, ua loaʻa kekahi mau welo like ma loko o nā wehewehena. A laila, ua hoʻohana ʻia ia mau welo no ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano ānuenue a pau ma loko o kekahi mau hui welo he ʻumi. ʻO kēia hoʻohui ʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻia i mea e hoʻomaopopo iho ai i kekahi mau pilina ma waena o nā ʻano ānuenue like ʻole. ʻO ia hoʻi ko lākou hiʻohiʻona, waihoʻoluʻu, kiʻekiʻena, a pēlā aku. He mea waiwai paha ia hoʻomaopopo ʻana no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ke ʻano ānuenue kikoʻī e ʻōʻili ana i ka lewa. Hōʻike ʻia nā hui a me nā ʻano ānuenue o kēlā me kēia hui ma loko o ka Pakuhi ma lalo. Eia kā, ʻo kekahi mau ʻano ānuenue, no kekahi mau hui welo he nui lākou, e laʻa, ka ʻōnohi. No ke aha?
Nā hui o nā ʻano ānuenue
Malia paha, no ka poʻe Hawaiʻi o nā mokupuni like ʻole o kēia pae ʻāina nei, ʻokoʻa ko lākou manaʻo e pili ana i nā ʻano ānuenue. [12] No laila, ma kahi mokupuni, he hunahuna ānuenue paha ka ʻōnohi, eia naʻe, ma kekahi mokupuni ʻē aʻe, he ānuenue pili i ke ao paha ka ʻōnohi. No ke ʻano like ʻole o kēlā me kēia ānuenue, he lolilua ka wehewehena o kahi welo a me ko kekahi. He kūlana ko ia mau welo, ʻo ka welo mua a me ka welo kūlana ʻelua. He aha ia mea he welo mua? ʻO ia ka welo keu o ke ahuwale. ʻO ia nō ka hiʻohiʻona ānuenue koʻikoʻi a ka mea nānā e ʻike mua ai, he ʻano kino paha, he waihoʻoluʻu paha, kona kiʻekiʻe paha, kona mamao paha mai kekahi ao aku a i ʻole, mai ka lā a mahina paha. Ma ka namu haole, the primary trait. Eia kekahi, he aha ia mea he welo kūlana ʻelua? ʻO ia nō kekahi (mau) welo i hapa mai ke koʻikoʻi. He welo hoʻi nā hiʻohiʻona o kekahi ānuenue a ka mea nānā e ʻike ai, eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ke ahuwale o ka welo mua ma mua o nā welo kūlana ʻelua. E like me ka welo mua, ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona o ka welo kūlana ʻelua, ʻo ia nō ke ʻano o kona kino, nā waihoʻoluʻu, ke kiʻekiʻe, a me ka mamao paha mai kekahi ao, a i ʻole ia, mai ka lā a mahina paha. Ma ka namu haole, these are the secondary trait(s). E nānā ʻia ka papa wehewehe huaʻōlelo i ka wehewehena no ka welo mua a me ka wele kūlana ʻelua.
Ma muli o ia kālailai ʻana, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka welo mua o kēlā me kēia ʻano ānuenue. A laila, ua waiho ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano ānuenue ma loko o hoʻokahi hui welo ma muli o kona welo mua. hōʻike ʻia ma nā huaʻōlelo kāʻele i loko o ke kolamu ʻākau o ia Pakuhi. A laila, ua waiho ʻia kekahi o nā ʻano ānuenue ma loko o kekahi (mau) hui welo hou ma muli o kona (mau) welo kūlana ʻelua. hōʻike ʻia ma nā huaʻōlelo kāʻele ʻole i loko o ke kolamu ʻākau o ia Pakuhi. Eia kekahi laʻana: No ka Uakoko:
ʻO ka welo mua: He ānuenue haʻahaʻa
ʻO nā welo kūlana ʻelua: He ānuenue ʻula
He ānuenue kia kū
He ānuenue pili i ke ao
E wehewehe ʻia ana nā welo a pau o kēlā me kēia ʻano ānuenue ma loko o ko lākou mau māhele o kēia kaha pūnaewele. E nānā ʻia ka papa wehewehe huaʻōlelo i ka wehewehena no nā hui welo a pau.
Nui ʻino nō nā ʻōlelo noʻeau e pili ana i ke ānuenue. He hōʻailona paha ia no ke ʻano nui o ke ānuenue ma loko o ka moʻomeheu Hawaiʻi. Pili kauwahi o ia mau ʻōlelo noʻeau i kekahi ʻano ānuenue kikoʻī, e laʻa: “ʻŌnohi ʻula i ka lani,” ʻo ia kekahi hapa ānuenue.[13] “Ke kau mai nei ka mākole,” he hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i ka nānā ʻana mai o nā ʻaumakua.[14] “Hala i ke ala koʻiʻula a Kāne,” ʻōlelo ʻia i ka wā e make ai kekahi kanaka.[15]
[1] n.d. Wehewehe Wikiwiki. Ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Hilo. n.d. https://hilo.hawaii.edu/wehe/. (Pukui/Elbert).
[2] Kimokea Keaulana., ua nīnauele ʻia e Hoaloha Westcott. 2021. (ʻApelila 19).
[3] n.d. Wehewehe Wikiwiki. Ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Hilo. n.d. https://hilo.hawaii.edu/wehe/. (Andrews).
[4] Abraham Fornander. 1919-1920. Collection of Hawaiian Antiquities and Folk-Lore VI. Honolulu, HI: Short Stack of Native Books. ʻaoʻao 100. Wahi a Fōnaka, like ka huaʻōlelo mākole me ke ānuenue ma muli o ka nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻalohi.
[5] J.W.K.K, "Haina Nane." Ka Nupepa Kuokoa, Kepakemaba 2, 1910: 5. n.d. Wehewehe Wikiwiki. Ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Hilo. (Pukui/Elbert). n.d. https://hilo.hawaii.edu/wehe/.
[6] J.W.K.K, "Haina Nane." Ka Nupepa Kuokoa, Kepakemaba 2, 1910: 5
[7] n.d. Wehewehe Wikiwiki. Ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Hilo. n.d. https://hilo.hawaii.edu/wehe/. (Pukui/Elbert).
[8] k.l.
[9] Mary K. Pukui, ʻŌlelo Noʻeau. Honolulu, HI: Ka Paʻi Palapala a ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha, 1983. #415
[10] n.d. Wehewehe Wikiwiki. Ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Hilo. n.d. https://hilo.hawaii.edu/wehe/.
[11] Mary K. Pukui. 1983. ʻŌlelo Noʻeau. Honolulu, HI: Ka Paʻi Palapala a ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha.
[12] Dr. Kaliko Baker, Ua nīnauele ʻia e Hoaloha Westcott. 2021. (Ianuali 22).
[13] Mary K Pukui. 1983. ʻŌlelo Noʻeau. Honolulu, HI: Ka Paʻi Palapala a ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha. #2522.
[14] k.l. #1740.
[15] n.d. Wehewehe Wikiwiki. Ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Hilo. n.d. https://hilo.hawaii.edu/wehe/. (Pukui/Elbert).
Na Hoaloha Westcott