Higer order bows | Keaoakua

Higher Order Rainbows

Features of higer order rainbows

Higer order bows are those with 3 or more arcs. There is no definition within the Hawaiian dictionary for these types.

Primary trait: A rainbow with 3 or more arcs

Secondary trait: A rainbow with the majority of the color

A third order bow (na shutterstock)

He mea kupaianaha nō ia mau ʻano ānuenue, eia naʻe, ua ʻōʻili nō ma loko o kekahi mau moʻolelo Hawaiʻi kuʻuna, a ʻike maka ʻia nō hoʻi e kekahi mau kānaka ma Hawaiʻi nei. Ma ke kuanaʻike ʻepekema komohana, kākaʻikahi ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā ānuenue nona nā piʻo he ʻekolu a ʻoi. Hōʻike ʻia he piʻo ānuenue pākolu ma loko o ke Kiʻi 4.[2] Paʻakikī nō ka loaʻa ʻana i kekahi mau kiʻi o nā piʻo ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe ʻē aʻe (ʻehā a ʻelima paha piʻo).

Ke kuhi ʻana o ke ao mai nā huna wai

I ke kuanaʻike ʻepekema, ʻo ka Piʻo Mōʻī, ua kapa ʻia nō hoʻi ʻo ia ke ānuenue kūlana ʻekahi a ʻo ka Piʻo Aliʻi, ua kapa ʻia nō hoʻi ʻo ia ke ānuenue kūlana ʻelua. ʻO ka nui o nā aka ma loko o ka huna wai, ʻo ia ke kumu o ia mau inoa. He ʻōʻili mai kekahi mau ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe i ke ao kūlohelohe ma muli o ka nui o nā aka ma loko o ka huna wai, eia naʻe, kākaʻikahi ia mau ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe.[3] ʻIke ʻia nā waihoʻoluʻu o ka Piʻo Mōʻī a me ka Piʻo Alʻiʻi e ka mea nānā ma muli o ka puka ʻana o nā waihoʻoluʻu malama e kuhi mai ana i ka mea nānā. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kuhi ʻana o ka malama ma hope o ka puka ʻana aku mai nā huna wai i loko o ka Pakuhi i luna aʻe. Kuhi kūʻē akula nō ka malama o nā aka kūlana ʻole, ʻekolu, a me ʻehā i ka mea nānā, no laila, ʻōʻili ia mau ānuenue kūlana ma hope o ka mea nānā.[4] Kuhi maila ka malama o nā aka kūlana ʻelima a me ʻeono i ka mea nānā, eia naʻe, emi loa ʻia nō ke ʻalohi o ia mau ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe i kēlā me kēia aka o ka malama ma loko o nā huna wai.[5] Ua paʻi kiʻi ʻia nā ānuenue kūlana ʻekolu a me ʻehā nāna e ʻōʻili ma hope o ka mea nānā.[6] Kākaʻikahi nō hoʻi ka ʻōʻili ʻana o nā ānuenue kūlana ʻelima a ʻeono e ʻōʻili ma mua o ka mea nānā, eia naʻe, paʻi kiʻi ʻia ke ānuenue kūlana ʻelima i ka makahiki 2009.[7] ʻO ke kūlana ʻole, ʻoiai, ʻaʻohe ke aka ʻana ma loko o ka huna wai, ʻaʻole ia he ānuenue maoli. Kapa ʻia ka ʻenaʻena kūlana ʻole.[8].

Nā ʻauina makawalu ma Halemaʻumaʻu (na Andrew Hara)

Nā ʻauina makawalu o ka Piʻo Mōʻī (na Andrew Hara).

I kekahi mau manawa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia he mau ʻauina kala e ʻōʻili hou ana ma lalo pono o ka Piʻo Mōʻī, a ma waho o ka Piʻo Aliʻi.[9] ʻO ia nā piʻo mākuʻe ʻōmaʻomaʻo liʻiliʻi. I ke kuanaʻike Hawaiʻi, kapa ʻia ka piʻo pēpē.[10] ʻO ka nui a me ke koana o ia mau ʻauina, lolilua pinepine ia. He inoa ʻokoʻa paha ko ia mau ʻauina kala, ʻo ia ka ʻauina makawalu, a i ʻole ka piʻo pēpē.

I ke kuanaʻike ʻepekema, ʻo ke kumu o ka ʻōʻili ʻana o ia mau ʻauina makawalu, ʻo ia kekahi mau ʻauina ʻākeʻakeʻa. Kaukaʻi ka ʻōʻili ʻana o nā ʻauina makawalu ma ka nui o nā huna wai o ka Piʻo Mōʻī a me ka nui like o nā huna wai i lalo pono o ka Piʻo Mōʻī.[11] Neʻe kekahi mau kukuna malama i loko o nā huna wai i kahi ala ʻokoʻa iki, a no ia mea, he puka mai nō ia ma o kekahi mau huina ʻokoʻa iki. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ia ka ʻākeʻakeʻa kūkulu a me ka ʻākeʻakeʻa luku o kekahi mau waihoʻoluʻu malama. A no ia mea, ʻōʻili ia mau ʻauina makawalu ma lalo pono o ka Piʻo Mōʻī. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, lolilua ko nā huna wai nui ma kahi o ka Piʻo Mōʻī e ʻōʻili ana, a no laila, nalowale nā ʻauina makawalu. I nā manawa o ka ʻauina makawalu e ʻōʻili ai, hūnā ʻia ka hapa nui o nā waihoʻoluʻu i ka ʻākeʻakeʻa ʻia.[12] A no ia mea, ʻike pinepine wale ʻia ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka mākuʻe. Wehewehe ʻia nā ʻauina makawalu i ke kuanakuhi hawewe o ka malama.[13] Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻauina makawalu i nā Kiʻi ma luna aʻe.

Nā pōʻai lewa o nā piʻo ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe e ʻōʻili ai

Ua like paha nā pōʻai o nā piʻo ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe me ko ka piʻo ānuenue pālua, ʻo ia hoʻi ka lewa lani lewa, ka lewa nuʻu, a me ka lewa lani. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ko lākou ʻike kākaʻikahi ʻia, paʻakikī ka mahuʻi ʻana i nā pōʻai lewa o lākou e ʻōʻili ai.

Nā manawa o ke ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe e ʻōʻili ai

I loko nō o ka ʻike ʻepekema e pili ana i ke anahonua kikoʻī no ka ʻōʻili ʻana o nā ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe, ʻike ʻia ua mau ānuenue nei e kekahi mau mea nānā i kauwahi manawa ʻē aʻe. He moʻolelo hoihoi ko kekahi kumu e pili ana i ka ʻōʻili ʻana i kekahi piʻo ānuenue ʻekolu. I ka makahiki 1991, ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka makani pāhili ʻo ʻIniki i kēia pae ʻāina nei, a ma hope nō hoʻi o ka pouli holoʻokoʻa ʻana o ka lā, e kūkulu ana lāua ʻo kona ʻohana i kekahi lele nona ʻekolu haka ma ka heiau ʻo Puʻuina ma ka moku o Keawe. I loa nō iā lākou a hīkiʻi i ke aho hope loa o nā pou, a ma hope koke o ka hiki ʻana o ka lā ma ke kūlana ʻo Kahikikapuihōlanikekuʻina (awakea), ua ka ua kilihune. Eia naʻe, mālaʻe ka lewa, ʻaʻohe ao. ʻO ko lākou ʻike leʻa ihola nō ia i kekahi ānuenue pākolu. Ua noʻonoʻo ʻia he wānana maikaʻi ma muli o kā lākou kūkulu ʻana i ia lele.[14] He laʻana maikaʻi loa ia o ka ʻōʻili ʻana i kahi ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe i kekahi manawa kūʻē i ka ʻike ʻepekema. Manaʻo ʻia ma ʻike ʻepekema, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike maka ʻia ia mau piʻo ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ke anahonua a me ke kālaikūlohea ma loko o nā huna wai. Akā, kū nō kēlā i ka ʻike Hawaiʻi.

Nā hōʻailona o ka piʻo ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe

ʻEkolu hōʻailona like ʻole o ka piʻo ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma loko o nā kūmole i kālailai ʻia. Hōʻike ʻia ma loko o ka Pakuhi o luna aʻe. Aia he ʻehiku o ia mau hōʻailona ma loko o nā kūmole like ʻole. He ʻehā ka huinanui o nā hōʻailona pili i ke kū ʻana. Ua hoʻohana hou ʻia ia hōʻike haʻihelu hoʻoili no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka huinanui o ia mau hui hōʻailona ʻekolu e pili ana kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ka hopena o ia hōʻike haʻihelu hoʻoili, ua ʻāpono ʻia ke kuhiakau kūpapa.[15] No laila, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka huinanui o kekahi mau hui hōʻailona ma mua o nā hui hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. E hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau laʻana hōʻailona o ka piʻo ānuenue kūlana kiʻekiʻe o lalo iho.

[1] n.d. Wehewehe Wikiwiki. Ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Hilo. https://hilo.hawaii.edu/wehe/. Ua unuhi ʻia nā wehewehena o nā ʻano ānuenue i ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi no kēia papahana laeoʻo. E nānā ʻia ka māhele 1.1.1 no kekahi hoʻākaaka ʻana.

[2] Kākaʻikahi nō ke ānuenue pākoli, a no laila, malia paha, hoʻololi ʻia kēia kiʻi i mea e hōʻike ai i nā piʻo he ʻekolu.

[3] n.d. Higher Order Bows. Accessed 4 2024. https://atoptics.co.uk/blog/higher-order-bows/.

[4] k.l.

[5] k.l.

[6] k.l.

[7] Harold Edens. 2015. "Photographic observation of a natural fifth-order rainbow." Applied Optics (Optical Society of America) 54 (4): B26-B34.

[8] n.d. Higher Order Bows. Accessed 4 2024. https://atoptics.co.uk/blog/higher-order-bows/.

[9] John A. Adam. 2002. "The mathematical physics of rainbows and glories." Physics Reports (Elsevier) 356 (4-5): 229-365. Accessed ʻApelila 2024.

[10] Jeana Naluwai. Ua nīnauele ʻia e Hoaloha Westcott. 2022. ʻIke ānuenue (Nowemapa 14).

[11] David Lynch and William Livingston. 1995. Color and Light in Nature. Cambridge: Press Syndicate of the Unversity of Cambridge. ʻaoʻao 114. n.d. Effect of drop size on primary rainbow. Accessed 4 2024. https://atoptics.co.uk/blog/effect-of-drop-size-on-primary-rainbow/. Wahi a Naluwai, ʻōʻili ka Piʻo Pēpē i ka ua liʻiliʻi.

[12] n.d. Higher Order Bows. Accessed 4 2024. https://atoptics.co.uk/blog/higher-order-bows/.

[13] Carl B. Boyer (1987). The Rainbow: From Myth to Mathematics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

[14] Māhealani Pai, ua nīnauele ʻia e Hoaloha Westcott. 2024. ʻIke ānuenue (Mei 14).

[15] Frederick J. Gravetter and Larry B Wallnau. 2013. Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. 8. Wadsworth Cenegage Learning. ʻaoʻao 518. E nānā ʻia i ka Pākuʻina 1 no kekahi hoʻākaaka ʻana e pili ana i kēia hōʻike makemakika. ʻO ka hopena o ka hōʻike haʻihelu hoʻoili: χ2 (2, n = 7) = 2.0, p < 0.735. No laila, ʻapono i ke kuhiakau kūpapa.

na Kelly Headrick | Dreamstime.com