Ka Piʻo Ānuenue Piha
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka piʻo ānuenue piha
He aha ia mea he ānuenue piha? Eia nā wehewehena o ka piʻo ānuenue:[1]
Pukui/Elbert: 1. nvs., Piʻo, pāpiʻo, hoaka, hoʻopiʻo ʻia, ka piʻo o kekahi ānuenue.
Parker: n., He piʻo malama nona nā kaʻina waihoʻoluʻu. ʻŌʻili pinepine ka piʻo ānuenue piha, a ʻo ka mea maʻamau, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā waihoʻoluʻu a pau ma loko o ka piʻo.
Manaʻo ʻia e kekahi kumu, e hoʻopuka wale ʻia nō ka huaʻōlelo ānuenue no ka piʻo piha o nā waihoʻoʻoluʻu ānuenue.[2] Ma loko o nā moʻolelo Hawaiʻi kahiko, ua hoʻopuka ʻia ka piʻo ānuenue, ka piʻo ānuenue piha, a me ke ānuenue.[3] No laila, ma loko o kēia māhele, loaʻa ia mau ʻano. Eia nā welo o ka piʻo ānuenue piha:
ʻO ka welo mua: He ānuenue nona hoʻokahi piʻo
ʻO nā welo kūlana ʻelua: He ānuenue nona ka hapa nui o nā waihoʻoluʻu a pau
He piʻo Ānuenue piha (na Hoaloha Westcott)
Nā pōʻai lewa o nā piʻo ānuenue piha nāna e ʻōʻili mai
ʻŌʻili ke ānuenue ma ka hapa o ka lewa lani lewa, a me ka lewa nuʻu, a wahi a Nawahi, ʻōʻili nō hoʻi ke ānuenue ma ka lewa lani kekahi.[4] ʻŌʻili pinepine ke ānuenue i luna o ka ʻāina, i luna o ka moana, a i kekahi wā hoʻokahi nō i luna o ka ʻāina a me ka moana. Eia kekahi laʻana: I ka manawa e kau pū ana ʻo Hiʻiaka, Lōhiʻau, a me Kāne ma luna o kekahi nalu, ʻōlelo ʻo Hiʻiaka iā Wahineʻōmaʻo e nānā i ke ānuenue penei: “A ke ʻike ʻoe i ka piʻo o ke ānuenue, hehi kekahi wāwae i ka moana, a hoʻokahi wāwae i uka nei o ka ʻāina, manaʻo aʻe ʻoe he ʻekolu mākou e kau ana i luna o ka nalu. I nei lā, hōʻike hou au i kuʻu mana a pau. Eia māua ke hele nei.”[5]
Ma ke kuanaʻike ʻepekema, i mea e ʻōʻili ai ke ānuenue, aia nō ka lā i kekahi kūlana kikoʻī ma ka lewa. ʻO ia kūlana, ʻo ia ka huina kanahā kūmālua a emi mai ma luna o ka hālāwai.[6] No laila, ʻo ka mea e pono ai ka lā e kau ana i ka pōʻai ʻo Kahikikū, ʻo Kahikikepapanuʻu, a ma kahi o ka hapalua like o ke kōā ma waena o Kahikikepapanuʻu a me Kahikikepapalani. ʻŌʻili ke ānuenue i ke kiko lā kūʻē, no laila, i ka manawa o ka lā e kau ana ma loko o ka hikina, ʻōʻili ke ānuenue ma loko o ke komohana. I ka manawa o ka lā e kau ai i ke komohana, aia ke ānuenue e kau ana ma loko o ka hikina.[7] Hōʻike ʻia ia pilina o ke kūlana o ka lā me ke ānuenue ma loko o ka Pakuhi o lalo.
Ke kūlana o ka lā e pili ana i ke ānuenue
Kaukaʻi ke kiʻekiʻena o ke ānuenue i ka huina o ka lā ma luna o ka hālāwai. I ka manawa o ka napoʻo o ka lā, a i ʻole ka hikina o ka lā, aia ke ānuenue i nā pōʻai lewa kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻōʻili ma ka lewa nuʻu, a i ʻole ma ka lewa lani. Ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana aʻe o ka lā, iho ke ānuenue, a ʻōʻili ke ānuenue i ka lewa lani lewa. I ka manawa o ka lā e hoʻokela aʻe ai i ka huina kanahā kūmālua ma luna o ka hālāwai, nalowale ke ānuenue. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia hopena ma loko o nā Pakuhi o lalo iho.
Ka pilina o ke kūlana o ka lā me ke ānuenue
Ke kiʻekiʻe o ke ānuenue
No laila:
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Haʻahaʻa ka lā --> Kiʻekiʻe ke ānuenue
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Kiʻekiʻe ka lā --> Haʻahaʻa ke ānuenue
Ua wehewehe ʻia paha ke kiʻekiʻe o ke ānuenue e ʻōʻili ai i ka lewa e ke kuanaʻike ʻepekema komohana, ʻo ia hoʻi ke anahonua o ka lā, ka mea nānā, a me ke ānuenue. Eia naʻe, nui ‘ino nā laʻana o kekahi ānuenue nāna i ʻōʻili ma kekahi anahonua kūʻē.
Nā manawa o ke ānuenue e ʻōʻili ai
I ke kuanaʻike Hawaiʻi, hiki ke ʻōʻili ke ānuenue i nā hola a pau o ka lā a i ʻole ka pō, no ka mea, na nā akua e kuhikuhi i ka ʻōʻili ʻana. I ke kuanaʻike ʻepekema, na ke anahonua o ka lā/mahina, ka ua, a me ke kūlana o ka mea nānā e kuhikuhi i ka ʻōʻili ʻana. Eia naʻe, nui ʻino nā laʻana ma loko o nā moʻolelo Hawaiʻi kuʻuna no ka ʻōʻili ʻana o kahi ʻano ānuenue i kekahi manawa ʻē aʻe, a e kūʻē ana i ka ʻike ʻepekema komohana. He laʻana; ua puka kekahi ʻatikala nūpepa e pili ana i kekahi pūnohu uakoko i ʻike ʻia i ke kakahiaka nui ma kahi e kokoke ana i Kahauiki a me Moanalua. Ua ʻōʻili hoʻokahi ānuenue nui e piʻo pono iho ana ma luna pono o ia pūnohu uakoko.[8] He mea kākaʻikahi a kupaianaha kēia, no ka mea, ma ka manaʻo ʻepekema komohana, inā ʻaʻole, he ānuenue piʻo pālua ia, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia hanana. Malia paha, he ānuenue piʻo pālua ke ānuenue a ka mea kākau i ʻike ai. Akā, he laʻana paha kēia hanana no ka ʻōʻili ʻana o kekahi ʻano ānuenue ma muli o ka mana nui o ke akua, a ʻaʻole ma muli o ke anahonua a ka ʻepekema komohana e hilinaʻi iho ai. He ʻatikala pōkole ia, eia naʻe, he mea ʻano nui no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke kuanaʻike Hawaiʻi me ke kuanaʻike ʻepekema e pili ana i ka ʻōʻili ʻana o nā ʻano ānuenue.
I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ke kuanaʻike ʻepekema komohana, aia he ʻekolu koina no ka ʻōʻili ʻana o ke ānuenue i ka lewa, penei:
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Kau ka lā ma kekahi huina kūpono.
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Aia ka lā ma hope o ka mea nānā.
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Kūpono ka nui o nā huna wai ma loko o ke aouli.
ʻO ke kumu ʻepekema o ke ānuenue e ʻōʻili aʻe ai i ka lewa, ʻo ia ke aka ʻana a me ka hoʻokīkeʻe ʻana o ko ka lā kukuna ma loko o kekahi mau huna wai. No laila, i mea e nānā ai i ke ānuenue, ʻo ka mea e pono ai, ʻo ia ka pūailewa ʻana o kekahi mau huna wai i ke ea, e laʻa ka ua, ka uhiwai, ka noe a pēlā aku. E nānā ʻia ka Pakuhi o lalo iho. I ka manawa o ke kukuna lā e komo ana i ke alo o kekahi huna wai, hoʻokīkeʻe ia ma muli o ka paʻapū o ka wai, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka paʻapū o ka wai ma mua o ko ke ea paʻapū. ʻO ka haʻilula makemakika nāna e wehewehe i kēia hopena, ʻo ia ke kānāwai a Snell. Ma muli o ke kīkeʻe ʻana o ke kukuna lā ma muli o ka huna wai, kū kaʻawale ka malama keʻokeʻo mai nā malama waihoʻoluʻu ʻē aʻe aku he ʻehiku. Ma ka hopena o ko ka huna hoʻāka ʻana iho i kēlā me kēia malama waihoʻoluʻu i ka mua o ia huna wai, a hoʻokīkeʻe hou ia mau waihoʻoluʻu ma muli o ka puka ʻana mai ka huna wai.[9]
Nā waihoʻoluʻu ma loko o nā huna wai
Ma loko o ke ānuenue, aia ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula pua rose ma ka wēkiu, a aia ka waioleka ma ke kumu. E nānā pono ʻia ka Pakuhi 20. Puka ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula pua rose mai ke alo o ka huna wai i ke kumu, a puka ka waioleka i ka wēkiu, akā naʻe, ʻēkoʻa ia kaʻina waihoʻoluʻu ma loko o ke ānuenue ke ʻike aku. No ke aha kēia loli ʻana o ke kaʻina waihoʻoluʻu? ʻO ke anahonua ka hāʻina. E nānā ʻia ka Pakuhi 21, ʻōʻili ka wēkiu o ke ānuenue ma ka huina kanahā kūmālua ma luna aʻe mai ka mea nānā (a me nā kukuna lā) a ʻoiai, ʻoi aku ke kīkeʻe o ka waihoʻoluʻu waioleka ma mua o ko ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula, ʻike wale ʻia nō ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula mai nā huna wai ma ka wēkiu o ke ānuenue. Kāʻalo nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻē aʻe ma luna o ka maka o ka mea nānā. ʻŌʻili ke kumu o ke ānuenue ma ka huina kanahā. ʻOiai, haʻahaʻa ke kīkeʻe o ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula, ʻike wale ʻia nō ka waihoʻoluʻu waioleka mai nā huna wai ma ke kumu o ke ānuenue. Kāʻalo nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻē aʻe ma lalo o ka maka o ka mea nānā.[10]
Ke kumu o ke kūlana o ka waihoʻoluʻu
He pōʻai piha nō ke ānuenue, eia naʻe, ʻike wale ʻia nō kekahi ʻāpana o ka pōʻai piha ma luna o ka hālāwai.[11] Aia ka ʻāpana koe ma lalo o ka hālāwai. No laila, ʻo ka ʻāpana e nānā ai, he piʻo ia. Ke ʻole ka ʻākeʻakeʻa ʻana i ka hālāwai, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka pōʻai ānuenue piha.[12] Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia hopena i ka Pakuhi o lalo. Inā, e holo ana ka mea nānā ma luna o kekahi mokulele, hiki ke ʻike maka ʻia kekahi pōʻai ānuenue piha.
Ka pōʻai piha o ke ānuenue
ʻOi aku ke ʻalohi o kahi ma loko o ke ānuenue ma mua o ko kahi ma waho. No ke aha? Hoʻoaka a hoʻokīkeʻe kekahi mau huna wai e kau ana ma ka huina kūpono i nā kukuna malama, a ʻōʻili ke ānuenue, eia naʻe, hoʻoaka wale nō nā huna wai ʻē aʻe a pau e kau ana ma ka huina kūpono ʻole i ke kukuna malama keʻokeʻo.[13] ʻO kēia mau kukuna malama keʻokeʻo, kuhikuhi aku ia i ke kikowaena o ka piʻo ānuenue. No laila, ʻoi aku nō ke ʻalohi o ke kikowaena ma loko o ka piʻo ānuenue.[14] Hōʻike ʻia kēia hopena i ke o lalo.
Kahi ʻalohi (na Clinton Gaughran)
Nā hōʻailona o ka piʻo ānuenue piha
Ua maopopo paha ke anahonua a me ke kālaikūlohea ānuenue i nā kānaka ʻepekema, eia naʻe, nele nō i ka lawa ʻole o ka ʻike hohonu ʻana i nā hōʻailona ānuenue. He ʻumi kumamāono hōʻailona like ʻole o ka piʻo ānuenue piha ma loko o nā kūmole i kālailai ʻia no kēia papahana nei. He 145 ka huinanui o ia mau hōʻailona. Hōʻike ʻia ma loko o ka Pakuhi o lalo iho. Ke nānā ʻia nā ʻikepili no nā hui hōʻailona he ʻelima, hiki ke ʻike ʻia, ʻoi aku ke kupu pinepine ʻana o nā hōʻailona pili i ke kū ʻana (he 70 ka huinanui). He mea ʻano nui nō ke kupu ʻana o kēlā me kēia mau hōʻailona ma loko o nā hui a pau, eia naʻe, e like me ia kālailai no ka hui o nā piʻo ānuenue, he nīnau nui paha, ʻoi aku ka huinanui o ke kupu ʻana o nā hōʻailona pili i ke kū ʻana ma mua o ko nā hui hōʻailona ʻē aʻe i ke kuanaʻike makemakika? Ua hoʻohana hou ʻia ia hōʻike haʻihelu hoʻoili no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā huinanui o ia mau hui hōʻailona he ʻelima e pili ana kekahi i kekahi. Inā, like ke kupu pinepine ʻana o nā hōʻailona o ia mau hui, e mahuʻi ʻia paha ē ua like ka huinanui o kēlā me kēia hui.[15] No laila, ʻo ke kuhiakau kūpapa: ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka huinanui o kekahi hui a ʻokoʻa ka huinanui o kekahi. ʻO ka hopena o ia hōʻike haʻihelu hoʻoili, hōʻole ʻia ke kuhiakau kūpapa.[16] No laila, ʻoi aku ka huinanui o kekahi mau hui ma mua o nā hui ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hui hea? Malia paha, ʻo ia nā hōʻailona pili i ke kū ʻana. E hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau laʻana hōʻailona ānuenue o ka piʻo ānuenue piha i lalo iho.
Nā hōʻailona o ka piʻo ānuenue
He hōʻailona no ke kū mai o kekahi aliʻi, akua:
Ma loko o ka moʻolelo o Hiʻiakaikapoliopele, ma mua o ko Hiʻiaka mā haʻalele ʻana aku iā Hāʻena, ua hāʻawi ʻia kekahi kauoha i nā kānaka a pau o ke aliʻi e kūkulu i lānai ʻahaʻaina, a e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea a pau e pono ai ka ʻahaʻaina. Iā Lohiʻau i hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hele ʻana i ka ʻahaʻaina: “He ʻōlapa ʻana na ka uila, he kuʻi ʻana na ka hekili, a he naue ʻana na ka honua, ʻo ka pipiʻo ihola nō ia o ke ānuenue ma ʻō a ma ʻaneʻi o Lohiʻau.”[17] He laʻana mōakāka o ke kū ʻana i kekahi aliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo Lohiʻau.
Ka pelika a ke akua Kalikiano:
ʻAʻole kēia he hōʻailona ānuenue Hawaiʻi kuʻuna, a ua hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohuli manaʻo o nā mikionele Kalikiano ma Hawaiʻi nei ma loko o kekahi mau ʻatikala nūpepa. He laʻana ka haʻi ʻia ʻana o ka moʻolelo Paipala e pili ana iā Noa a me ka wai hālana nunui, penei: “Eia nae ka ke Akua olelo ia Noa: “Ke kau nei au i kuu anuenue ma ke ao, i hoailona ia no ka berita ma waena o’u a o ka honua. A hoouhi aku ai au i ke ao maluna o ka honua, e ikea auanei ke anuenue ma ke ao.””[18] ʻAʻole loaʻa kēia hōʻailona ma loko o nā moʻolelo Hawaiʻi kuʻuna like ʻole.
Ko ke akua mana nui kiʻekiʻe loa:
He hōʻailona ānuenue paha ia no ke Kalikiano. Wahi a Nawahi, “O ka wehewehe ana aku i na kumu oiaio maoli a me ka hoakaka ana aku, i na loina maopopo loa e pili ana i ke anuenue a ko ke akua mana i kau aku ai ma ke aouli o ka lani; o ia no kekahi o na kumuaoike maoli i kupono i ka uhane ike a ke akua i haawi mai ai i ke kanaka, i mea e kokua ai i kona hoomaopopo maoli ana aku i ko ke akua mana nui kiekie loa.”[19] He hōʻailona laulā paha ia, ua loaʻa wale nō kēia hōʻailona i loko o kā Nawahi. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole loaʻa kēia hōʻailona ma loko o nā moʻolelo Hawaiʻi kuʻuna like ʻole. He akamai nō ʻo Nawahi i kekahi mau kumuhana Hawaiʻi kuʻuna like ʻole, eia naʻe, hoʻohuli manaʻo nui ʻia ʻo ia i nā Kalikiano. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ia hoʻohuli manaʻo ma loko o kekahi mau māhele o kāna kākau ʻana.
Ka noho aliʻi a Ioane i ʻike ai ma Patemosa:
Ua haʻi aku nō hoʻi ʻo Nawahi e pili ana i kēia hōʻailona ānuenue ma loko o ka puke hope loa o ka Paipala Kalikiano, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka puke ʻo Hoikeana, penei: “Ma ka hoike ana a Ioane, ua ike aku la oia ma ka hihio ma ka mokopuni o Patemosa, he Noho’lii ua puni i ka Pio-anuenue”[20]. ʻAʻole nō hoʻi i loaʻa kēia hōʻailona ma loko o nā moʻolelo Hawaiʻi kuʻuna like ʻole. He hōʻailona Kalikiano wale nō.
Ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ke ala a ke aliʻi:
Iā Kū e huli aku ana i kekahi home nona ka hau, ua ʻike ʻo ia iā Maunakea i ka manawa āna e kū iho ana i ke kuahiwi ʻo Haleakalā. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i kekahi ānuenue ma ke ʻano he kuhikuhi ʻana i kekahi wahi kūpono no kona noho ʻana. “O keia kuahiwi ana e ike nei oia no ke kuahiwi nani o “Mauna” Kea. A ma ia wa hookahi nohoi ke ike la kona mau maka i ka pio o ke anuenue ma kekahi wahi o ka mokupuni nona ke kuahiwi ana e ike aku nei i ka uhi paa ia mai e ka hau.”[21] Ma muli o kona nānā ʻana i ia ānuenue, ʻo ka hele akula nō ia o Kū i Maunakea.
Ka hānau ʻia ʻana o kekahi mōʻī, aliʻi kiʻekiʻe, ʻeʻepa:
Ua ʻike pinepine ʻia ke ānuenue i ka manawa i hānau ʻia ai kekahi aliʻi. Hiki ke ʻike maopopo ʻia kēia i ka manawa i hānau ʻia ai ʻo Kamehameha V, penei:
“...O ka la hanau o ka Moi, oia kona la i puka mai ai mai ka opu mai o kona makuahine, a ma ia la, ua pouli ka aina, ua noho ino na opua, ua paa ke kumu lani ma kauwahi, a ua kaawale ma kauwahi, ua inoino ka moana, ua hakukoi na ale, ua paio na makani, ua hui na welau o ka honua, ua kapio na anuenue, ua kui ka hekili,.....”[22]
Ka nohona o kekahi aliʻi, mōʻī, ʻeʻepa, kupua, akua, ʻuhane:
Ma loko o ke kaʻao o Kahalaopuna, aia kekahi wehewehe ʻana e pili ana i ke awāwa ʻo Mānoa, ʻo ia ka nohona o Kahalaopuna. ʻO Kauakuahine (ka ua o ke kualapa) ka makuahine a ʻo Kahaukani (ka makani o Mānoa) ka makuakāne o Kahalaopuna: “Ma ka nānā aku nō hoʻi i kēia awāwa, me he mea lā, i loko o nā lā a pau o ka makahiki, e kāhiko mau ʻia ana kēia awāwa e ke ānuenue, a e kilihune mau ana nō hoʻi ka ua i ka hapanui o ka manawa ma laila.”[23] Ua noho ʻo Kahalaopuna ma loko o kekahi hale kapu i kapa ʻia ʻo Kahiamano ma laila.
He ʻōuli, wānana:
Ua paʻi ʻia ka moʻo pukana a Waiamau mai ka lā 12 o Ianuali a i ka lā 23 o Kēkēmapa i ka makahiki 1865. Ma loko o ka ʻatikala o ka lā 16 o Kepakemapa, ua wehewehe ʻia nā ʻoihana hoʻomana a me ke kilokilo ʻana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana e holo lōʻihi ma ka moana, e like me ka holo ʻana mai Hawaiʻi a i Oʻahu, a i Kauaʻi paha. Wehewehe ʻia ka hana i ke ahiahi ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana, penei. “...aia ma ke ahiahi ka hapai ana i keia hana. Penei ka hana ana, e mama ka awa, kalua ka puaa, a wali ka awa, moa no hoi ka puaa, a pau i ka okiokiia a waiho ma na pa-laau i hoohinuhinuia, a ku no hoi na apu awa. A makaukau keia mau mea, alaila, o ka pule no ia o ke kahuna i ke akua o ka poe holo waa, a pau ka pule ana, ai no hoi a pau ka ai ana, nana aku ke kahuna i ke aouli, ina i ku ke anuenue a i pio mamua o ka waa, a o ka punohu paha, alaila, i aku ke kahuna, aole e pono ke holo o make auanei ma ka moana; a ina hoi i nana aku oia i ka opua, aole he ku maikai mai, ua lele ino ke ao, ua moku moku liilii na opua i ka lewa; olelo hou no ke kahuna aole e holo o make no, Aka hoi, ina e nana ke kahuna a i ku ka punohu mahope o ka waa, nee hoi ka ua koko, pio ke anuenue, a maikai hoi ke ku ana mai o na opua, alaila; i aku ke kahuna, ae, ua maikai, aole no he mea nana e keakea mai;...” [24] Hōʻike ia laʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ke ānuenue ma ke ʻano he ʻōuli/wānana.
Ke kō ʻana o kekahi wānana:
Ma loko o ke kaʻao o Lāʻieikawai, lehulehu nō nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻokō ʻia ʻana o kekahi wānana. ʻO ka piʻo ānuenue a me ka pūnohu nō hoʻi kekahi hōʻailona, penei: “Hoʻokahi anahulu ma hope iho o ko Kahalaomāpuana hoʻi ʻana mai mai Keʻalohilani mai, i ia manawa, hiki maila ka hōʻailona mua a ko lākou kaikunāne e like me ke kauoha i kona kaikuahine. Pēlā i hoʻāʻo liʻiliʻi ai nā hōʻailona i loko o nā lā ʻelima, a ʻo ke ono o ka lā, kuʻi ka hekili, ua ka ua, kaikoʻo ka moana, waikahe ka ʻāina, ʻōlapa ka uila, uhi ka noe, piʻo ke ānuenue, kū ka pūnohu i ka moana. I ia manawa, ʻōlelo aku ka makāula, “E aʻu mau kaikamāhine, ua hiki mai ka hoʻokō ʻia ʻana o kuʻu wānana e like me kaʻu ʻōlelo mua iā ʻoukou.””[25]
He ala ānuenue i ka mahina, lewa, pali, ola ma hope:
He moʻolelo i haʻi ʻia e kekahi mea i kelepona mai i ka papahana lekiō ʻo Ka Leo Hawaiʻi i ka makahiki 1974. Ua haʻi ʻia kēia moʻolelo iā ia e kona makuahine e pili ana i ka hoʻolewa o kona kupunakāne (ʻo ia hoʻi ko ka mea kelepona kupunakāne kuakahi). He kanaka ʻano nui ke kupunakāne kuakahi. Koʻikoʻi nō ʻo ia i kona mau lā. Ma hope o kona hala ʻana iho, wahī ʻia ke kupapaʻu a paʻa, a hoʻomoe ʻia i loko o kona waʻa. ʻAuamo ʻia a hiki i kekahi ana i uka o ke kuahiwi (ma ka mokupuni ʻo Hawaiʻi) a kanu ʻia ma loko o ia ana. Lawelawe ʻia ka hoʻolewa a ma hope, hoʻomaka ka ʻohana e hoʻi ma lalo iho. ʻOiai lākou e hele wāwae ana, hoʻomaka ka ua i mua o lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ua koko, ka heka waikoko. Ua huli kekahi poʻe e nānā ma hope a ʻike ʻia ia waʻa e lewa aʻe ana i ka lewa, a hāpai ʻia ka mana o ke kupunakāne kuakahi. Ua hāpai ʻia kēlā waʻa a luna pono o ka lua pele ʻo Halemaʻumaʻu. Ma luna o kekahi ānuenue i lawe ʻia ai kēlā waʻa. Piʻo ke ānuenue mai ke ana a hiki i ka lua pele. Ua hoʻoiho ʻia ia waʻa a komo i loko o ka lua pele. No ka ʻohana Pele ke kupunakāne kuakahi a ua ʻōlelo ʻia aku e ka poʻe, e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ana ʻo ia i kona wahi pono.[26]
Ma loko o kēia māhele e pili ana i ka piʻo ānuenue piha, hiki ke ʻike ʻia, ʻokoʻa ke kuanaʻike Hawaiʻi, ʻokoʻa ke kuanaʻike ʻepekema.
Ka ʻaʻahu ʻia o kekahi aliʻi:
Ma loko o ka moʻolelo o Hainakolo: “Aka, o ka mea kupanaha i ua malo nei, ua like loa ae la kona mau ano apau me ke anuenue e pipio ana a puni ko ia nei puhaka. Lalau aku la keia I kahi ahu kapa a na kupunakane i malama ai no ia nei, a kau iho la ma ke kua. Eia nae, ua like no ua ahu kapa nei, me ka ua koko ke poʻi pu maluna oia nei.”[27]
Ka ʻoluʻolu o nā akua i ka mōhai a i ʻole ka pule:
Ma hope o kā Kawelo hopu ʻana iā Uhumākaʻikaʻi (ʻo ia ka iʻa kupua nunui), pule ʻo Kawelo a pau ua Uhumākaʻikaʻi i ia pule ʻana. Kau ʻia maila ia ma ka nuʻu kuahu a hahau ʻia. Moku ka ʻōpū o ua iʻa, a hoʻohemo ʻia ke ake. Ma hope o kā Kawelo pule ʻana, ʻōʻili kekahi mau hōʻailona: “A pau kāna pule ʻana, ʻo ke kuʻi ihola nō ia o ka hekili, ʻōlapa ka uila, kū ke kapuaʻi akua, ʻo ia ke ānuenue, ua ka ua.”[28]
He hōʻailona no ke kū mai o kekahi aliʻi i ka lā:
Ma loko o ka moʻolelo o Lāʻieikawai: “Hoʻokahi malama o ka ʻino ma ka ʻāina no ka hōʻailona hope. Ma ke kakahiaka, i nā kukuna o ka lā i haʻalele iho ai i nā mauna, ʻike ʻia akula ʻo Kaʻōnohiokalā e noho ana i loko o ka wela kūkanono o ka lā ma waena pono o ka luakālai i hoʻopuni ʻia i nā ānuenue a me ka ua koko.”[29]
He ʻōlelo hoʻohālike/wāwae/hōʻailona no kekahi aliʻi/akua:
Lehulehu nō nā Hiʻiaka, a ma ke kinohi o kēia moʻolelo, ua hoʻolauna kekahi o ua poʻe Hiʻiaka. He mau hōʻailona ānuenue ko ua poʻe Hiʻiaka he ʻelua. Eia ka hōʻike ʻano: “A ka māhele hoʻi a kekahi poʻe, he ʻewalu nō Hiʻiaka e like aʻela nō me ia i hōʻike ʻia aʻela, a eia ko lākou mau inoa: Hiʻiakamākolewāwahiwaʻa a ʻo ka lei hala a me ke ānuenue kona mau hōʻailona..."[30]
Ka haʻalele ʻana o ke aliʻi/akua
Ma loko o ka moʻolelo o Hainakolo: “I nei wa a Keaniniulaokalani i haalele aku ai ia Kuaihelani ka pio mau ana o ke anuenue iluna ponoi ae o ka Wailele o Hiilawe. E ike mau ia ana keia anuenue e na maka apau o ko Waipio poe mai naʻlii a na makaainana, i ke ao ame ka po, i ka malie ame ka wa ua.[31]
Ka hiki mai auaneʻi o kekahi mōʻī/aliʻi/ʻeʻepa/kupua/akua
Ma loko o ka moʻolelo o ʻUmialīloa: “Olelo kekahi elemakule i kekahi elemakule, he hoalii paha keia akahi no ke kipalapalahea o ke anuenue i ka lau o ka laau, aia laua e kamakamailio ana; Hoea mai ana keia kanaka makai mai me haawe nui launa ole; a pa e ana ka leo kahea a ua mau elemakule nei, e kipa ma ka hale...”[32]
[1] n.d. Wehewehe Wikiwiki. Ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Hilo. https://hilo.hawaii.edu/wehe/. Ua unuhi ʻia nā wehewehena o nā ʻano ānuenue i ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi no kēia papahana laeoʻo. E nānā ʻia ka māhele 1.1.1 no kekahi hoʻākaaka ʻana.
[2] Kimokea Keaulana., ua nīnauele ʻia e Hoaloha Westcott. 2021. (ʻApelila 19).
[3] He ʻōlelo laulā ia hopunaʻōlelo, kaukaʻi nā māka o ia mau huaʻōlelo i ke kūmole.
[4] Joseph Nawahi, "Ke Anuenue a me Ka Luakalailani." Ka Leo o ka Lahui, Mei 24, 1893: 2-3.
[5] Hoʻoulumāhiehie 1906, 2006. Ka Moʻolelo o Hiʻiakaikapoliopele. Edited by Puakea Nogelmeier. Honolulu, HI: Awaiaulu. ʻaoʻao 232.
[6] k.l., Carl B. Boyer (1987). The Rainbow: From Myth to Mathematics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
[7] Stevin Businger. 2021. "The Secrets of the Best Rainbows on Earth." Bulletin of the American Meterological Society 102 (2): E338-E350.
[8] ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka mea kākau, "Punohu Uakoko." Ka Leo o ka Lahui, Okatoba 9, 1894: 1.
[9] Judith Donnelly and Nicholas Massa. 2018. LIGHT: Introduction to Optics and Photonics. Pittsfield: Photonics Media Press; Laurin Publishing Co. Inc. ʻaoʻao 79.
[10] k.l.
Myses H. Nussenzveig. 1980. "The Theory of the Rainbow." In Light From the Sky, by Scientific American. San Francisco, CA: W. H. Freeman and Company. ʻaoʻao 56.
[11] David Lynch and William Livingston. 1995. Color and Light in Nature. Cambridge: Press Syndicate of the Unversity of Cambridge. ʻaoʻao 103
Steven Businger. 2021. "The Secrets of the Best Rainbows on Earth." Bulletin of the American Meterological Society 102 (2): E338-E350.
[12] k.l.
[13] ʻO kekahi huina kūpono ʻole, e kau ana i nā huna wai i kekahi huina ¹ 42o.
[14] John A. Adam. 2002. "The mathematical physics of rainbows and glories." Physics Reports (Elsevier) 356 (4-5): 229-365. Accessed ʻApelila 2024.
[15] ʻInā, like nā huinanui o nā hōʻailona ma loko o kēlā me kēia hui, eia ka haʻilula: Ua puʻunaue ʻia ka huinanui o nā hui a pau (145) me ka nui o nā hui (5). ʻO ka hopena, ʻo 29 ka waiwai e mahuʻi ʻia no kēlā me kēia hui.
[16] Frederick J. Gravetter and Larry B Wallnau. 2013. Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. 8. Wadsworth Cenegage Learning. ʻaoʻao 518. E nānā ʻia ka Pākuʻina 1 no kekahi hoʻākaaka ʻana e pili ana i kēia hōʻike makemakika. ʻO ka hopena o ka hōʻike haʻihelu hoʻoili: χ2 (4, n = 145) = 87.77, p < 0.005. No laila, hōʻole ʻia ke kuhiakau kūpapa.
[17] Hoʻoulumāhiehie 1906, 2006. Ka Moʻolelo o Hiʻiakaikapoliopele. Edited by Puakea Nogelmeier. Honolulu, HI: Awaiaulu. ʻaoʻao 242.
[18] ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka mea kākau.1869. “Ke Anuenue” Ke Alaula, Septemaba 1:1.
[19] Joseph Nawahi, "Ke Anuenue a me Ka Luakalailani." Ka Leo o ka Lahui, Mei 24, 1893: 2-3.
[20] k.l.
[21] Hooulumahiehie, 1907 - 1908. "Ka Moolelo Walohia o Hainakolo." Ka Nai Aupuni, Ianuali - Mei 1. Ianuali 7: 1
[22] Niniuikawai. 1886. "La Hanau o ka Moi." Ke Au Okoa, Dekemaba 24.
[23] Buda. 1904, 1997. "Ka Moʻo kaʻao Hawaii no Kahalaopuna o ke awāwa o ke anuenue." In Lehua ʻĀhihi, edited by Puakea Nogelmeier and Keao NeSmith, 83-120. Honolulu: Hale Kuamoʻo, Ka Haka ʻUla o Keʻelikolani.
[24] J. Waiamau, "Ka Hoomana Kahiko." Ka Nupepa Kuokoa, Septemaba 16, 1865: 2.
[25] S.N. Haleʻole (2001). Ke Kaʻao o Lāʻieikawai. Hilo, HI: Ka Haka ʻUla o Keʻelikōlani. Kula Nui o Hawaiʻi. ʻaoʻao 161.
[26] Alice Sharden, ua nīnauele ʻia e Larry Kimura. 1974. "HV24.58A1 (kelepona kūloko)." Ka Leo Hawaiʻi. Lekiō KCCN, (Malaki 10).
[27] Hooulumahiehie, 1908. "Ka Moolelo Walohia o Hainakolo." Ka Naʻi Aupuni, Ianuali - May 1. Pepeluali 5: 1.
[28] Hoʻoulumāhiehie. 2009. Ka Moʻolelo Hiwahiwa o Kawelo. Edited by Hiapo Perreira. Honolulu, HI: Bishop Museum Press., ʻaoʻao 229.
[29] S.N. Haleʻole (2001). Ke Kaʻao o Lāʻieikawai. Hilo, HI: Ka Haka ʻUla o Keʻelikōlani. Kula Nui o Hawaiʻi. ʻaoʻao 163
[30] Hoʻoulumāhiehie 2006. Ka Moʻolelo o Hiʻiakaikapoliopele. Edited by. Puakea Nogelmeier. Honolulu, HI: Awaiaulu. ʻaoʻao 1.
[31] Hooulumahiehie, 1908. "Ka Moolelo Walohia o Hainakolo." Ka Naʻi Aupuni, Ianuali - May 1. Pepeluali 28: 1.
[32] S.M. Kamakau. (1870, Kēkēmapa 8). Ka Moolelo Hawaii. Ke Au Okoa. 1.
na Hoaloha Westcott